| The Neuroprotective Effect and Inflammatory Gene Expression of Hypothermia and Lamotrigine in Transient Spinal Ischemia in the Rat. |
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Jin Seok Choe, Young Kyun Choe, Kyoo Sub Jeong, Seong Wan Baik, Jae Young Kwon, Seung Keon Lee, Ju Yuel Park |
1Department of Anesthesiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Paik Hospital.
2College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea. |
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| Abstract |
BACKGROUND
Although rare, paralysis secondary to spinal cord ischemia after aortic aneurysm surgery is a devastating complication. Many papers have been published on this topic but without a clear consensus on the best way of minimizing the problem. Mild hypothermia and lamotrigine have been neuroprotective in several models of cerebral ischemia. In this study we compared the effects of mild hypothermia and the lamotrigine on neurologic and histopathologic outcomes, and inflammatory gene expression in transient spinal ischemia.
METHODS
Rats were anesthetized with halothane, and divided into 4 groups; the Sham-operated (S) group; the Normothermic ischemic (N) group; the Hypothermic ischemic (H) group; and the Lamotrigine- treated (L) group. Spinal ischemia was produced by induced hypotension and thoracic aortic cross clamping. After spinal ischemia neurologic scores were assessed at 1, 2, 3, 24, and 48 hours after reperfusion.
After 48 hours the rats were euthanized and their spinal cords were removed for histopathologic assessment. Also, spinal cords were removed at 1, 3, and 48 hours after reperfusion for the assay of TNF-alpha, IL-1 mRNA.
RESULTS
The neurologic scores of the H group were significantly lower than from the N group. There was no significant difference between the L group and the N group.
The histopathologic scores in the H and L groups were significantly lower than in the N group, and the histopathologic scores of the L group were higher than those of the H group. The TNF-alpha and IL-1 gene expression was increased in the N group. In the H group, the gene expression was significantly less than in the N group. The L group was not significantly different than N group in gene expression.
CONCLUSIONS
The inflammatory gene expressions were increased in transient spinal ischemia. Hypothermia was neuroprotective in transient spinal ischemia. However, the lamotrigine showed only partial neuroprotective effects in transient spinal ischemia. |
| Key Words:
Hypothermia, regulation; Pharmacology, lamotrigine; Spinal cord, injury, ischemia; Surgery, thoracic aortic aneurysm |
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